OBJECTIVE
To assess the presence of psychological distress including anxiety and depression among adults with spinal cord injury in inpatient rehabilitation settings and to investigate the association with sociodemographic and injury characteristics.
METHODS
This study was conducted through retrospective review of medical records and it included 133 spinal cord injury patients hospitalized for rehabilitation from January, 2016 to December, 2018. Sociodemographic characteristics including age, sex, place of residence, education level, marital status, religion and caregiver information were collected. Injury characteristics were also collected including injury level, severity, etiology, time since injury, Spinal Cord Independence Measure(SCIM), and so on. Depression and anxiety was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory(BDI) and Stait-Trait Anxiety Inventory-X-I(STAI-X-I) respectively. The patients were divided into subgroups : patients with BDI ≥ 14 were classified as depressive group and STAI ≥ 52 were classified as anxious group.
RESULTS
51 and 37 of total 133 patients included in this study were classified as depressive group and anxious group, respectively. (Table 1) In addition, there were no significant difference in depression and anxiety scores according to sociodemographic and injury characteristics. (Table 2) Among the characteristics, only SCIM showed significant difference between non-depressive group and depressive group. (p=0.014) (Table 3) In depressive group, SCIM was significantly lower than non-depressive group. There was no characteristics showing significant difference between non-anxious group and anxious group.
CONCLUSION
It was found that spinal cord injury patients showed high prevalence of depression and anxiety. Also, most sociodemographic and injury characteristics except SCIM did not affect depression and anxiety significantly. Compared with low SCIM scores, SCI patients with high SCIM scores showed lower risk of depression. Therefore, it should be taken care of depression especially in SCI patients showing low independence in activity of daily living.
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