Objective
This study was undertaken to identify functional capabilities and performance factors affecting self care activity in children with cognitive developmental delay and to determine whether there are differences with age.
Methods
In this cross-sectional study, a total of 137 children (97 males and 40 females; average age 47.7±23.9 months) with cognitive developmental delay with a cognitive age between 18 months to 36 months were analyzed retrospectively. Cognitive and language scales (receptive and expressive communication) of Bayley Scales of Infant Development III (BSID III), self care, mobility, and social function scales of Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory (PEDI), interest and persistence domains of the Laboratory Temperament Assessment Battery (LAP-TAB) were evaluated. Correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were performed to investigate the factors influencing self care activity. In addition, the above analyses were conducted by dividing into two groups with a standard of age 42 months
Results
In the bivariable correlation analysis, self care scale of PEDI was significantly correlated with age, cognitive scale, receptive and expressive language scales of BSID III, mobility and social function scales of PEDI, interest and persistence domains of the LAP-TAB. In the multiple linear regression analyses after adjustment of age and sex, self care scale of PEDI was significantly associated with cognitive scale of BSID III, mobility and social function scales of PEDI. When the group was divided based on age 42 months, and the difference between the above variables was analyzed, there were significant differences in the cognitive (64.1±6.4 vs 66.9±5.6, p<0.01) and expressive language (22.9±7.2 vs 27.5±7.7, p<0.01) scales of BSDI III, self care (35.8±11.8 vs 45.6±10.7, p<0.01), mobility (44.2±10.1 vs 49.9±9.8, p<0.01), social function (29.2±10.1 vs 34.1±9.4, p<0.01) scales of PEDI (39.1±12.4) in the group of children under 42 months compared with the group of children over 42 months.
After multiple linear regression analysis was conducted for each group, the group of children under 42 months showed the similar result as the results of all children, whereas self care scales of PEDI was significantly associated with mobility and social function scales of PEDI in the group of children over 42 months.
Conclusions
In this study, we confirmed that several functional capabilities and performance factors could influence self care activity in children with cognitive developmental delay, and also found that there was a significant difference according to chronological age. |
